KLF vous communique ces informations afin de vous expliquer les procedures.

Substantive Relief 

La plupart des juges refuse de liberer qui que ce soit sous caution, si la personne ne possede pas un moyen de devenir legale a nouveau

• Retablissement
  Parfois les etudiants peuvent solliciter un "retablissement" et recouvrir leur statut d'etudiant.  Cela ne releve pas du juge mais d'un officier de l'immigration.  Si un etudiant a travaille sans permis, il ne peut solliciter le "retablissement".  La duree est limitee.

*Les services de  l'immigration (CIS) parfois n'avisent pas l'etudiant si ils lui refusent "retablissement"  ils avisent plutot leur police afin d'arreter l'etudiant sans aucun preavis.

• Naturalization
   

• L'emploi et le Mariage 
  Parfois les Repondents peuvent presenter un I-140 (l'emploi) ou I-130 (le mariage) demande afin de changer leur statut.

Ceux qui se marient durant les poursuites par les services de l'immigration, ne peuvent presenter la "demande pour epouse ou epoux etranger"   en meme temps que la "demande pour changement de statut."   La "demande pour epouse ou epoux etranger" doit d'abord passer par USCIS.  Si la demande est acceptee, la decision sur "la demande de changement de statut" revient au juge.

Cautions:

• Si une personne peut prouver qu'elle peut changer son statut, le juge lui permet d'etre liberee sous caution.

• Une caution, c'est de l'argent paye au gouvernement americain et qui accumule des interets.  L'argent est utilise comme garantie que la personne se presentera au tribunal comme promis.  Si la personne ne se presente pas au tribunal, l'argent est perdu.  Quand tout prend fin, l'argent est rendu avec interet. Une demande doit etre presentee et cela peut durer six mois. L'argent accumule des interets jusqu'au jour ou il est rendu.

• Le montant minimum d'une caution est de 1500 Dollars.  

• La caution doit etre payee par cheque certifie qui peut etre achete dans un banque et doit etre emis a l' "ICE". 

Depart Volontaire (de plein gre):

• Les gens qui demandent le depart voluntaire (en lieu de deportation)  doivent montre l'abilite d'acheter leur billet d'avion.  Un depart volontaire permet a une personne .  Le premier arret doit etre en dehors des Etats Unis.

• Bien des juges refuse d'accorder des departs volontaires si ils ne sont pas surveilles et pensent que tant que le gouvernement a fait l'effort d'arreter une personne, cette derniere ne doit pas etre liberee. Il n'y a nul  besoin de caution en cas de depart volontaire, mais le depart ne peut se faire que si le billet d'avion est achete.  L'achat du billet ne peut se faire que quand les services de  l'immigration peuvent se rendre. Un preavis de 10 jours est exige.

• Le depart volontaire ne permet pas a la personne de devenir legale a nouveau.

Many Judges will release a person from jail on a "detention bond" only so long as that person can show the Judge that they have "substantive relief", which is the ability to be restored to some type of legal immigration status.

• Reinstatement of student status (a specific legal term and legal process):  Sometimes students can apply for "reinstatement" and be restored into student status.  The Judge cannot grant reinstatement.  An immigration officer at the CIS (Citizenship and Immigration Service) makes the decision.  If a student worked without authorization, they are not eligible to apply for reinstatement.  Also, there is a time limitation.

The CIS sometimes will not tell the student when they deny the reinstatement.  Rather, the CIS will notify the Immigration Enforcement (they are housed in the same building and function together) to arrest the student without warning.

• Naturalization:  In some cases, Respondents can naturalize as a complete defense against removal. 

• Employment-Based Petition:  In some cases, Respondents who are have an approved employment-based immigrant petition can apply to adjust their status

• Family Petition:  In some cases, Respondents who are married can apply to adjust their status. 

Immigrant petitions must first be processed by the USCIS.  Once that Petition is approved, the Judge adjudicates the application for adjustment of status.

• If one can show substantive relief, the Immigration Judge will allow the person to be released upon paying a "bond."  
• A bond is money paid to the U.S. Government that is kept in an account that gains government interest.  The money is used as a guaranty by the person that they will come back to court as promised.  If the person does not come back to court, they lose their money.  Once the case is finished and the person has done everything as promised, the money is returned with interest.  An application has to be made and that takes six months; the money earns interest until the day it is returned.
• The minimum bond is $1,500.  
• The bond has to be paid by a cashier's check in the exact amount.  Cashier's checks are available from banks.  The cashier's check must be made out to "ICE".

• To be eligible for voluntary departure, the person must have been physically present in the US for at least one year prior to the service of the Notice to Appear, be a person of good moral character for at least 5 years preceding the application of voluntary departure, and have the ability to buy his/her own airplane ticket home.  The first stop needs to be outside of the United States.

• Many judges refuse to grant voluntary departure unless it is supervised and are not inclined to award a voluntary departure bond.   Some believe that once the government has made the effort to arrest someone, release from jail should be denied.  When supervised voluntary departure is granted, a voluntary departure bond is not required.  Travel arrangements are made once the plane ticket is purchased., which must be done in coordination with the Immigration Enforcement's ability to travel.  Some offices far from ports of entry request 10 days advance notice.

• Voluntary departure is not "substantive relief."  It does not restore you to legal status.